Species code:	SHIFL
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; Enterobacteriaceae; Shigella (TaxID: 623) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Shigella is a Gram-negative, non-sporulating, facultative anaerobe bacterium that causes dysentery or shigellosis in man. Shigella are highly invasive in the colon and the rectum, and are able to proliferate in the host cell cytoplasm, triggering an inflammatory reaction. Shigella was recognized as the etiologic agent for bacillary dysentery in the 1890's, and adopted as a genus in the 1950's and subgrouped into four species. However, a recent genetic study argues that Shigella emerged from multiple independent origins of E.coli 35'000-270'000 years ago and may not constitute a genus.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: Yes Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of SHIFL entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 4101 (1597 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 2504 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure	• Chromosome EMBL accession number AE005674 (circular; 4,607,203 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pCP301 EMBL accession number AF386526 (circular; 221,618 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
References	[1] MEDLINE=22272406; PubMed=12384590; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Jin Q., Yuan Z., Xu J., Wang Y., Shen Y., Lu W., Wang J., Liu H., Yang J., Yang F., Zhang X., Zhang J., Yang G., Wu H., Qu D., Dong J., Sun L., Xue Y., Zhao A., Gao Y., Zhu J., Kan B., Ding K., Chen S., Cheng H., Yao Z., He B., Chen R., Ma D., Qiang B., Wen Y., Hou Y., Yu J. ; "Genome sequence of Shigella flexneri 2a: insights into pathogenicity through comparison with genomes of Escherichia coli K12 and O157."; Nucleic Acids Res. 30:4432-4441(2002).
Web links	CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Shigella&GLspecies=flexneri&GLstrain=2a301 Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=genomeprj&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Overview&list_uids=310 ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/shigellaflexneri301 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Sfle_2A Karyn's Genomes: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria/Shigella_flexneri.html PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/cgi-bin/wwwfly.pl?Set=Shigella_flexneri_2a_301&Page=index TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntsf01  EBI Proteome Analysis page

Genome structure	Chromosome EMBL accession number AE014073 (circular; 4,599,354 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
References	[1] MEDLINE=22590274; PubMed=12704152; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Wei J., Goldberg M.B., Burland V., Venkatesan M.M., Deng W., Fournier G., Mayhew G.F., Plunkett G. III, Rose D.J., Darling A., Mau B., Perna N.T., Payne S.M., Runyen-Janecky L.J., Zhou S., Schwartz D.C., Blattner F.R. ; "Complete genome sequence and comparative genomics of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a strain 2457T."; Infect. Immun. 71:2775-2786(2003).
Web links	Official genome site(s): http://www.genome.wisc.edu/sequencing/sflex.htm Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Shigella&GLspecies=flexneri&GLstrain=2457T Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=408 ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/shigellaflexneri2457t GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Sfle_2A2457T PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/cgi-bin/wwwfly.pl?Set=Shigella_flexneri_2a_2457T&Page=index ShigellaCyc: http://biocyc.org/SHIGELLA/organism-summary?object=SHIGELLA TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntsf02  EBI Proteome Analysis page

• Genome Proximity Viewer: This program displays the genes that are found in the genomic environment of a selected locus.
  
  
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